LITTERATUR

An Introduction to Western Medical Acupuncture

Written by Adrian White, Mike Cummings and Jacqueline Filshie.

© 2019. Created with Wix.com

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September 2017

Acupuncture and Connective Tissue - Learn more about connective tissue.

https://youtu.be/cAgCjegZSHE

Gå in och lyssna på Youtube till       Dr Helena Langevin MD             Director for Osher Centre for Integrative Medicine. 

Lyssna till hennes och kollegors forskning om Akupunktur.

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February  2019

Default Mode Network as a Neural Substrate of Acupuncture: Evidence, Challenges and Strategy.

Acupuncture is widely applied all over the world. Although the neurobiological underpinnings of acupuncture still remain unclear, accumulating evidence indicates significant alteration of brain activities in response to acupuncture. In particular, activities of brain regions in the default mode network (DMN) are modulated by acupuncture. DMN is crucial for maintaining physiological homeostasis and its functional architecture becomes disrupted in various disorders. But how acupuncture modulates brain functions and whether such modulation constitutes core mechanisms of acupuncture treatment are far from clear. This Perspective integrates recent literature on interactions between acupuncture and functional networks including the DMN, and proposes a back-translational research strategy to elucidate brain mechanisms of acupuncture treatment.

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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6378290/pdf/fnins-13-00100.pdf

Yuqi Zhang et al. 2019

Frontiers in Neuroscience 

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April 2020

Activation of LXRβ Signaling in the Amygdala Confers Anxiolytic Effects Through Rebalancing Excitatory and Inhibitory Neurotransmission upon Acute Stress.

The balance of major excitatory (glutamate, Glu) and inhibitory (γ-aminobutyric acid, GABA), named as E/I neurotransmission, is critical for proper information processing. Anxiety-like responses upon stress are accompanied by abnormal alterations in the formation and function of synapses, resulting in the imbalance of E/I neurotransmission in the amygdala. Liver X receptors (LXRs), including LXRα and LXRβ isoforms, are nuclear receptors responsible for regulating central nervous system (CNS) functions besides maintaining metabolic homeostasis. However, little is known about the contribution of LXRs in E/I balance in regulating anxiety-related behaviors induced by stress. In this study, we found stress-induced anxiety led to the expression reduction of LXRβ not LXRα in mice amygdala. GW3965, a dual agonist for both LXRα and LXRβ, alleviated anxiety-like behaviors of stressed mice through activation of LXRβ, confirmed by the knockdown of LXRβ mediated by lentiviral shRNAs in the basolateral amygdala (BLA). This was paralleled by correcting the disequilibrium of E/I neurotransmission in the stressed BLA. Importantly, GW3965 exerted anxiolytic effects by correcting the promoted amplitude and frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic current (mEPSC), and augmenting the decreased that of miniature inhibitory postsynaptic current (mIPSC) in the stressed BLA. This suggests that stress-induced anxiety-like behaviors can largely be ascribed to the deficit of LXRβ signaling in E/I neurotransmission in BLA. These findings highlight the deficiency of LXRβ signaling in the amygdala linked to anxiety disorder, and LXRβ activation may represent a potential novel target for anxiety treatment with an alteration in synaptic transmission in the amygdala.

Yu W et al. 

Neurotherapeutics (2020)