Tina Arvidsdotter et al.

Effects of an integrative treatment, therapeutic

acupuncture and conventional treatment in alleviating psychological distress in primary care patients - a pragmatic randomized controlled trial

BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013, 13:308

Background: To evaluate and compare effects of an integrative treatment (IT), therapeutic acupuncture (TA), and

conventional treatment (CT) in alleviating symptoms of anxiety and depression in psychologically distressed primary

care patients.

Methods: An open, pragmatic randomized controlled trial comparing the three treatment regimens at four and

eight weeks after treatment. The study sample consisted of 120 adults (40 per treatment arm) aged 20 to 55 years

referred from four different primary health care centres in western Sweden for psychological distress. Psychological

distress was evaluated at baseline, and after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression

scale (HAD). Treatment sessions lasted about 60 minutes in IT and 45 minutes in TA.

Results: No baseline differences were found between groups on HAD depression or anxiety. HAD anxiety and

depression decreased significantly more in the IT and TA groups than in the CT group both after 4 and 8 weeks of

treatment, but not between IT and TA. Improvements in the TA and IT groups were large and clinically significant,

whereas CT effects were small and clinically non-significant.

Conclusions: Both IT and TA appear to be beneficial in reducing anxiety and depression in primary care patients

referred for psychological distress, whereas CT does not. These results need to be confirmed in larger, longer-term studies addressing potentially confounding design issues in the present study.

 Wei Huang et al.

Autonomic Activation in Insomnia: The Case for Acupuncture 

 Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine

2011;7(1):95-102. 

Current conceptualizations of the biological basis for insomnia typically invoke central nervous system and/or autonomic nervous system arousal. Acupuncture may represent a unique avenue of treatment for poor sleep by virtue of its direct effects on peripheral nerves and muscles, which, in turn, modulate autonomic tone and central activation. In this review, we summarize both basic and clinical research indicating that acupuncture exerts profound influences via a wide variety of potential neural and/or hormonal mechanisms that have great relevance for the modulation of sleep and wakefulness. We illustrate principles of acupuncture intervention applied to cases of otherwise intractable insomnia that document successful application of this component of Traditional Chinese Medicine to the treatment of poor sleep. Our review indicates the necessity for further research in the relationship between the effects of acupuncture on insomnia and autonomic regulation, which might guide better selective use of this treatment modality for insomnia. 

Yoshihiro Noda et al.

Acupuncture-induced changes of vagal function in patients with

depression: A preliminary sham-controlled study with press needles

Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice 21 (2015) 

To study the biological effects of acupuncture on depression, we hypothesized that acupuncture will

exert its antidepressant effect through a bottom-up neuromodulation of the autonomic dysfunction in

depression. The participants received press needle (PN) acupuncture for 72 h continuously in a shamcontrolled

design. Psychological assessments and Holter electrocardiography were performed before

and after PN acupuncture. We evaluated their autonomic functions through the heart rate variability

(HRV). As a result, following PN acupuncture participants showed significant improvement in the Beck's

Depression Inventory scores (P . 0.031), systolic/diastolic blood pressures (P . 0.002/P . 0.011), and

coefficient of variation of the ReR interval (P < 0.0001), compared to sham PN. The present findings

showed PN acupuncture induced alterations in vagal function, blood pressure, and Beck's Depression

Inventory scores. It was suggested that vagal stabilization effect by acupuncture may be associated with

the therapeutic mechanism in depression.